Education and Religion
NBER Working Paper No. 8080 Issued in January 2001 NBER Program(s): LE
In the United States, religious attendance rises sharply with education
across individuals, but religious attendance declines sharply with
education across denominations. This puzzle is explained if education
both increases the returns to social connection and reduces the extent
of religious belief. The positive effect of education on sociability
explains the positive education-religion relationship. The negative
effect of education on religious belief causes more educated individuals
to sort into less fervent religions, which explains the negative
relationship between education and religion across denominations.
Cross-country differences in the impact of education on religious belief
can explain the large cross-country variation in the education-religion
connection. These cross-country differences in the education-belief
relationship can be explained by political factors (such as communism)
which lead some countries to use state-controlled education to discredit
religion.
Published: Glaeser, Edward L. and Bruce I.
Sacerdote. "Education and Religion." Journal of Human Capital 2, 2
(Summer 2008): 188-215.
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